Sub-theme 44: Reconciling Systems Theories and Approaches to Organization Studies

Convenors:
Domenico Dentoni
MBS School of Business, France
Silvia Dorado
University of Massachusetts Boston, USA
Sandra Waddock
Boston College, USA

Call for Papers


Call for short papers (pdf)

Scholars are rediscovering the role of systems theories and approaches in reframing, reorienting and recasting how organizations embed in societies and ecologies (Bansal et al., 2021; Jarzabowski et al., 2022). Flourished across scientific disciplines such as ecology, engineering, and social sciences since the 1950s, systems theories help consider ‘the whole’ in complex social, ecological and organizational phenomena rather than the sum its parts (von Bertalanffy, 1972). This holistic perspective is important to make sense of the non-linear, nested, interdependent and emergent patterns that repeat over time, and at different scales, in the entangled social, ecological and organizational processes that we study (Dentoni et al., 2021). By making sense of these patterns, systems approaches support organization scholars, and the actors as they engage with, to cocreate forward (Sharma et al., 2022) in addressing the complex social problems of our times (Dorado et al., 2025) and shaping social transformation processes towards ecologically thriving futures (Waddell et al., 2015; Waddock, 2023; 2024).
 
Systems theories and approaches hold particular potential in reframing organizations in the more-than-human society. For example, the intellectual tradition of Gaia conceiving the Earth as a living system (Waddock, 2011) and Fritjof Capra’s notion of the ‘web of life’ (1996), but also indigenous traditions of co-becoming and of inseparability between nature and culture (Harris & Ashcraft, 2023), embed views that help us see organizations, societies and ecologies as part of a relational whole (Dentoni, 2024). By seeing themselves as integral part of nature, organizations and organization scholars can enact practices that perpetuate patterns of social-ecological destruction or, alternatively, that shift these patterns towards desirable forms of systems change (Westley et al., 2013).
 
Systems theories were once core to organizational theories of social change (Ackoff, 1974; Emery & Trist, 1965), and still have the potential of contributing to advance systems theories and approaches – not just borrowing from them. Our field has a range of valuable theoretical resources that could help deepen and extend systems approaches in several directions. For example, the study of processes as unfolding of interconnected practices (Langley et al., 2013), as well as theories on interconnected webs of paradoxes (Jarzabowski et al., 2022), polycentric governance (Patala et al., 2022), ecological sensemaking (Whiteman & Cooper, 2011) and multi-level institutional theories (van Wijk et al., 2019) – among others – can advance systems approaches in several theoretical, methodological and epistemological directions. For instance, in terms of theory development, organization scholars can deepen how organizations work across governance levels and socio-spatial scales to trigger and support desirable pathways of systems change. Methodologically, organizational scholars might advance participatory and/or action research processes that support empirical data collection and analysis. Epistemologically, organization scholars may advance novel interpretations of philosophy of science applied to systems thinking.
 
Therefore, this sub-theme calls all systems thinking scholars in our field to make contributions that reconcile systems theories and approaches to organization studies. We invite applications in a wide variety of topics – such as social problems (Mair & Seelos, 2021), resilience (Dorado et al., 2025) and transformation (Dentoni et al., 2025), social innovation (Colombo, 2024), social entrepreneurship (Savaget et al., 2025), social change (Waddell et al., 2020), or sustainability (Bansal & DesJardine, 2014) – and settings, including, but not limited to, the circular economy (Patala et al., 2022), regeneration (Albareda & Branzei, 2025), decolonization (Nurse et al., 2025), food security (Chatterjee et al., 2023), climate adaptation (Jarzabkowski et al., 2022) and mitigation (Burato et al., 2023), health policies (Angeli & Montefusco, 2020), or natural resource use (Baudoin et al., 2025) – that are relevant to the study of organizations.
 
This nexus of systems theories and approaches with organization studies calls for a variety of research topic and questions, which may include but not be limited to:
 
Theoretical and empirical questions:

  • How do systems theories and approaches contribute to make sense of organizational processes that perpetuate complex social and/or ecological problems?

  • How do systems theories and approaches help inform and enact processes of change, (dis)equilibrium and transformation across governance levels and socio-spatial scales?

  • How do systems theories and approaches support organizations in remembering their past, and envisioning their future, in entanglement with society and ecology?

Methodological questions:

  • How do (or should) organization scholars collect, analyze and theorize from empirical data to deepen, extend or apply systems theories that explain and address complex social problems?

  • How do (or should) organization scholars ensure that systems-based approaches are rigorous, valid, and empirically sound?

  • How do (or should) organization scholars define boundaries and choose theoretical frames in the study of nested organizational, social and ecological systems?

  • How do (or should) organization scholars engage with participatory, experimental and/or action research approaches grounded on systems approaches?

Epistemological questions:

  • How do (or should) indigenous views of life patterns flowing through more-than-human societies, and of humans as expressions of place, contribute to shape systems perspectives of organization studies?

  • How do (or should) social constructionist, pragmatist and/or critical realist philosophies of science shape how organizational, social and ecological systems knowledge is understood or discovered?

  • How do power structures and dynamics influence how systems knowledge and narratives of systems change are constructed in organizations?


References


  • Ackoff, R.L. (1974): “The systems revolution.” Long Range Planning, 7 (6), 2–20.
  • Albareda, L., & Branzei, O. (2025): “Biocentric Work in the Anthropocene: How Actors Regenerate Degenerated Natural Commons.” Journal of Management Studies, first published online on May 4, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.13080.
  • Angeli, F., & Montefusco, A. (2020): “Sensemaking and learning during the Covid-19 pandemic: A complex adaptive systems perspective on policy decision-making.” World Development, 136, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105106.
  • Bansal, P., & DesJardine, M.R (2014): “Business sustainability: It is about time.” Strategic Organization, 12 (1), 70–78.
  • Bansal, P., Grewatsch, S., & Sharma, G. (2021): “How COVID-19 Informs Business Sustainability Research: It’s Time for a Systems Perspective.” Journal of Management Studies, 58 (2), 602–606.
  • Baudoin, L., Collet, F., & Arenas, D. (2025): “SES Resilience in a Disrupted Earth System: Developing Systemic Attention to Emerging Ecological Adversity in Collaborative Governance Organizations.” Business & Society, first published online on December 30, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1177/00076503241306615.
  • Burato, M., Tang, S., Vastola, V., & Cenci, S. (2023): “Organizational system thinking as a cognitive framework to meet climate targets.” PNAS – Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 120 (41), e2309510120, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2309510120.
  • Capra, F. (1996): The Web of Life: A New Synthesis of Mind and Matter. London: HarperCollins.
  • Chatterjee, A., Ghosh, A., & Leca, B. (2023): “Double weaving: A bottom-up process of connecting locations and scales to mitigate grand challenges.” Academy of Management Journal, 66 (3), 797–828.
  • Colombo, L.A. (2024): “Transforming Management Education: Insights from Social-Ecological Systems and Social Innovation Research.” Journal of Management Studies, first published online on November 17, 2024, https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.13166.
  • Dentoni, D. (2024): “Heat and Organization Studies: Organizing in a world approaching 50° C.” Organization Studies, 45 (10), 1523–1537.
  • Dentoni, D., de Bakker, F., Linnenluecke, M., Hamann, R., & Clarke, A. (eds.) (2025): “Cross-Sector Partnerships and Socio-Ecological Systems Change: Navigating Tensions between Resilience and Transformation.” Business & Society, Special Issue, in press.
  • Dentoni, D., Pinkse, J., & Lubberink, R. (2021): “Linking sustainable business models to socio-ecological resilience through cross-sector partnerships: A complex adaptive systems view.” Business & Society, 60 (5), 1216–1252.
  • Dorado, S., Haugh, H., Wadhwani, R.D., & Hamann, R. (eds.) (2025, in press): Big Picture Approaches to the Impact of Social Innovations. Bingley: Emerald Publishing Limited.
  • Dorado, S., Purdy, J., & Antadze, N. (2025, in press): “The adaptive cycle: A model of the evolution of social innovations for wicked problems.” In: S. Dorado, H. Haugh, R.D. Wadhwani, & R. Hamann (eds.): Big Picture Approaches to the Impact of Social Innovations. Bingley: Emerald Publishing Limited.
  • Emery, F.E., & Trist, E.L. (1965): “The causal texture of organizational environments.” Human Relations, 18 (1), 21–32.
  • George, G., Howard-Grenville, J., Joshi, A., & Tihanyi, L. (2016): “Understanding and tackling societal grand challenges through management research.” Academy of Management Journal, 59 (6), 1880–1895.
  • Harris, K.L., & Ashcraft, K.L. (2023): “Deferring difference no more: An (im) modest, relational plea from/through Karen Barad.” Organization Studies, 44 (12), 1987–2008.
  • Jarzabkowski, P., Bednarek, R., Chalkias, K., & Cacciatori, E. (2022): “Enabling rapid financial response to disasters: Knotting and reknotting multiple paradoxes in interorganizational systems.” Academy of Management Journal, 65 (5), 1477–1506.
  • Langley, A, Smallman, C., Tsoukas, H., & van de Ven, A.H. (2013): “Process studies of change in organization and management: Unveiling temporality, activity, and flow.” Academy of Management Journal, 56 (1), 1–13.
  • Mair, J., & Seelos, C. (2021): “Organizations, Social Problems, and System Change: Invigorating the Third Mandate of Organizational Research.” Organization Theory, 2 (4), https://doi.org/10.1177/26317877211054858.
  • Nurse, S., Dasent, K., Rivera, A., Ansah, J.P., & Black, J. (2025): “Beyond Rugged Individualism? Exploring the Resilience of Black Entrepreneurs to Chronic Racism.” Journal of Management Studies, first published online on March 25, 2025, https://doi.org/10.1111/joms.13211.
  • Patala, S., Albareda, L., & Halme, M. (2022): “Polycentric Governance of Privately Owned Resources in Circular Economy Systems.” Journal of Management Studies, 59 (6), 1563–1596.
  • Savaget, P., Ozcan, P., & Pitsis, T. (2025): “Social Entrepreneurs as Ecosystem Catalysts: The Dynamics of Forming and Withdrawing from a Self‐Sustaining Ecosystem.” Journal of Management Studies, 62 (1), 246–278.
  • Sharma, G., Greco, A., Grewatsch, S., & Bansal, P. (2022): “Cocreating forward: How researchers and managers can address problems together.” Academy of Management Learning & Education, 21 (3), 350–368.
  • van Wijk, J., Zietsma, C., Dorado, S., de Bakker, F.G.A., & Martí, I. (2018): “Social Innovation: Integrating Micro, Meso, and Macro Level Insights From Institutional Theory.” Business & Society, 58 (5), 887–918.
  • von Bertalanffy, L. (1972): “The History and Status of General Systems Theory.” Academy of Management Journal, 15 (4), 407–426.
  • Waddell, S., Waddock, S., Cornell, S., Dentoni, D., McLachlan, M., & Meszoely, G. (2024): “Large Systems Change: An Emerging Field of Transformation and Transitions.” The Journal of Corporate Citizenship, 58, 5–30.
  • Waddock, S. (2011): “We are all stakeholders of Gaia: A normative perspective on stakeholder thinking.” Organization & Environment, 24 (2), 192–212.
  • Waddock, S. (2023): Catalyzing Transformation: Making System Change Happen. New York: Business Expert Press.
  • Waddock, S. (2024): “Holistic eco-social imaginaries for a life-centered future.” Sustainability Science, 19 (6), 2119–2134.
  • Waddock, S., Waddell, S., & Gray, P.S. (2020): “The transformational change challenge of memes: The case of marriage equality in the United States.” Business & Society, 59 (8), 1667–1697.
  • Westley, F.R., Tjornbo, O., Schultz, L., Olsson, P., Folke, C., Crona, B., & Bodin, Ö. (2013): “A Theory of Transformative Agency in Linked Social-Ecological Systems.” Ecology & Society, 18(3), http://dx.doi.org/10.5751/ES-05072-180327.
  • Whiteman, G., & Cooper, W.H. (2011): “Ecological Sensemaking.” Academy of Management Journal, 54 (5), 889–911.

Domenico Dentoni is Professor and Director of the Chair COAST (COmmunication And organizing for Sustainable Transformations) at MBS School of Business, France, and co-founder of the Systems Mapping & Co-Design Lab. He does research on organizing processes and cross-sector partnerships for social-ecological resilience and transformation. Domenico has published in journals such as ‘Organization Studies’, ‘Journal of Business Venturing’, ‘Journal of Business Ethics’, ‘Business & Society’, ‘Organization & Environment’, and in several other high-profile interdisciplinary journals.
Silvia Dorado is a Professor at the University of Massachusetts Boston, USA. She has explored topics associated with grand challenges, social innovation, and social enterprises. Silvia’s work has appeared in leading management journals, including the ‘Academy of Management Journal’, ‘Business & Society’, ‘Journal of Business Ethics’, ‘Journal of Business Venturing’, ‘Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly’, and ‘Organization Studies’.
Sandra Waddock is the Galligan Chair of Strategy, Carroll School Scholar of Corporate Responsibility, and Professor of Management at the Carroll School of Management at Boston College, USA. She has published more than 180 papers and book chapters and 16 books on topics of system transformation, stewardship of the future, memes and narratives, and cross sector collaboration among others. Sandra has published in journals such as the ‘Academy of Management Journal’, ‘Strategic Management Journal’, and ‘Business & Society’.